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Glossary

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the chemical that encodes genetic information. It contains four different chemicals, or bases, known as A, C, G and T.



Articles using this Glossary Item

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Book Review: Ethical Issues of Human Genetic Databases - A Challenge to Classical Health Research Ethics?

06 February 2012 - by Dr Gill Haddow

DNA databanks - controversial yet exciting endeavours to collect and store individuals' DNA alongside other information - are the subject of Bernice Elger's latest book, which Gill Haddow describes as fundamental reading...[Read More]

Roche attempts $5.7bn takeover of DNA sequencing firm Illumina

31 January 2012 - by Ruth Saunders

Swiss pharmaceutical company Roche has made an unsolicited bid worth $5.7 billion to takeover US DNA sequencing firm Illumina....[Read More]

Genetic regions linked to timing of menopause

31 January 2012 - by Victoria Kay

Thirteen genomic regions appear to influence the age at onset of menopause, according to a genetic study. These regions contain genes involved in DNA repair and immune responses, processes not previously linked to menopause...[Read More]

Early life factors may impact genes of Glasgow's poorest, study claims

31 January 2012 - by Dr Lux Fatimathas

Unhealthy lifestyles associated with social deprivation may have detrimental effects on DNA before birth, say scientists. A study of adults living in Glasgow shows a correlation between deprivation and DNA methylation - a normal process that occurs mainly during embryonic development and regulates gene activity...[Read More]

Two RNA studies give clues to neurodegeneration

23 January 2012 - by Dr Zara Mahmoud

Two independent studies have suggested new targets for treating neurodegenerative diseases...[Read More]

Life-long intelligence isn't just down to your genes

23 January 2012 - by Linda Wijlaars

Researchers from Scotland have found around one-quarter of changes in intelligence observed from childhood to old age may be due to our genes. Although the researchers accept the finding is not statistically significant, it is the first to estimate the contribution of genetic variations to cognitive ageing....[Read More]

£5.8m boost for mitochondrial disease research

23 January 2012 - by Maria Botcharova

An experimental genetic technique to prevent serious diseases from passing between mother and child is to receive £5.8 million funding. The Wellcome Trust is contributing £4.4 million to the new Centre for Mitochondrial Research at Newcastle University...[Read More]

Lifespan predicted by DNA test - in zebra finches

16 January 2012 - by Maria Botcharova

Analysis of person's DNA when they are still young could provide important clues about how long they will live, if a study on zebra finches is anything to go by. Research shows that the best indicator of the birds' longevity is the length of a section of genetic code at the end of their chromosomes, called the telomere...[Read More]

'High risk' prostate cancer gene found

16 January 2012 - by Linda Wijlaars

A rare gene variant that could increase the risk of prostate cancer has been identified by researchers in the USA. Although the variant accounts for only a small fraction of all prostate cancers, the study found it was more common in men with an inherited form of the cancer and in those who are diagnosed before the age of 55...[Read More]

Desktop machine can sequence a genome in one day for £650

16 January 2012 - by Dr Zara Mahmoud

A US biotechnology firm has unveiled an automated desktop DNA sequencer that can decode the sequence of the human genome in one day for as little as $1000 (£650). Given its first public viewing at a consumer electronics show in Las Vegas, Life Technologies Corporation's Ion Proton sequencer uses microchips similar to those found in digital cameras...[Read More]

Mouse sperm grown in lab

09 January 2012 - by Sarah Guy

Researchers have successfully extracted germ cells - the cells that give rise to gametes - from the testes of mice, and used them to grow sperm in the lab...[Read More]

Progress Educational Trust Conference: Growing Concern?

19 December 2011 - by Mila Roode

The consequences of assisted reproductive technology (ART) are a matter of great concern, whether this is the development of the embryo, the perinatal health of the mother, or the ongoing health of the child....[Read More]

Progress Educational Trust conference: Making the grade

12 December 2011 - by James Brooks

The third session of the Progress Educational Trust's annual conference 'The Best Possible Start in Life: The Robust and Responsive Embryo' boasted a redoubtable roll-call of eminent clinicians and researchers as speakers. This being the case, I couldn't help wondering if the decision to limit such luminaries to ten minutes apiece was a wise one...[Read More]

TV Review: Brave New World - Biology

05 December 2011 - by Rose Palmer

Breakthroughs in biology that 'will transform the resilience and strength of the human body' are the subject of the last episode of Stephen Hawking's brilliant series 'Brave New World'. In just under an hour 'Biology' takes the viewer on a whirlwind tour of some of the newest and most awe-inspiring technologies. We're talking cures for cancer, organ regeneration and experiments in longevity and heritability...[Read More]

Innovative gene therapy protects mice from HIV infection

05 December 2011 - by Tamara Hirsch

US scientists have induced long-lasting HIV protection in mice from a single injection. Their study, published in the journal Nature, uses gene therapy to stimulate production of antibodies against the virus...[Read More]

First genetic link to bone marrow cancer identified

05 December 2011 - by Dr Zara Mahmoud

Two new gene variants, which each increase the risk of bone marrow cancer by 30 percent, have been identified by scientists at the Institute for Cancer Research...[Read More]

Short people 'short' on genes

28 November 2011 - by Dr Rebecca Hill

Short people can blame deleted sections of DNA for their diminutive stature, according to a study looking at variations in the genomes of over 12,000 children...[Read More]

Event Review: Field of Genes - DNA Testing to Find Future Olympic Champions

28 November 2011 - by Eleanor White

Would you let your 10-year-old child sit out of PE classes if they were not built for sport? Would it inspire you to do better if you found out your genes indicated that you're not likely to succeed at it? Or would it demoralise you to the point that you give up on something you love?...[Read More]

Book Review: What's the Use of Race? Modern Governance and the Biology of Difference

21 November 2011 - by Dr Rachael Panizzo

The study of genetic diversity between ethnic groups can help explain the ways in which race influences our biology and susceptibility to disease. But what do we mean by 'race', exactly? These issues are considered in the collection of essays 'What's the use of race? Modern governance and the biology of difference', edited by Dr Ian Whitmarsh and Dr David Jones...[Read More]

Film Review: How Does DNA Fingerprinting Work?

14 November 2011 - by Dr Rebecca Robey

Have you ever wondered how criminals are identified using their DNA, or how DNA paternity tests can prove whether a man is the father of a baby? Both are done using a technique called 'DNA fingerprinting' and the latest video in the Naked Scientists' scrapbook series explains neatly how this works....[Read More]

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Events using this Glossary Item

 

Practical Biobanking
26 October 2009  Nowgen Centre, 29 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9WU, UK
The 4th Nowgen Centre course on Practical Biobanking...[Read More]
Genomics of Common Diseases
23 September 2009  Wellcome Trust Conference Centre, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1RQ, UK
The 3rd Wellcome Trust/Nature Genetics conference on the Genomics of Common Diseases...[Read More]
A Question of Taste: Using Polymerase Chain Reaction to Investigate Human Evolution
20 September 2009 10am-3pm Nowgen Centre, 29 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9WU, UK
A one-day practical workshop for post-16 students, running from September 2009 to July 2010...[Read More]
The Age of Personalised Genomics
16 September 2009  Rimrock Resort Hotel, 300 Mountain Avenue, Banff National Park, Alberta T1L 1J2, Canada
The 5th International DNA Sampling Conference...[Read More]
Physics of Cells: From the Edge to the Heart
06 September 2009  Congress Centre, Hotel Zora, Raduća BB, Primošten 22202, Šibenik-Knin County, Croatia
The 1st European Molecular Biology Organisation conference on Cell Biophysics...[Read More]
From Imprinting to the Epigenome in 25 years
04 September 2009  Lecture Theatre, Peterhouse College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1RD; Kings College, University of Cambridge, King's Parade, Cambridge CB2 1ST, UK
An event celebrating the discovery of imprinting in mammals 25 years ago...[Read More]
Techniques and Applications of Molecular Biology
13 July 2009  Department of Biological Sciences, Gibbet Hill Campus, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL
A course for those who wish to develop their understanding of genetic engineering techniques...[Read More]
Microarray and Deep Sequencing Based Profiling Approaches: The Technological Evolution Continues
09 July 2009 9am-4.30pm BioPark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 3AX, UK
An event addressing currently available DNA research tools...[Read More]


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